The team worked on a newer approach of detection through salivary proteins
Mumbai, 17th April 2019: Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee have identified a new method of detecting Breast & Ovarian cancers, two of the worst forms of cancer, which are responsible for approximately one third of all cancers that occur in women and one fifth of all cancer related deaths worldwide. The research published in the journal, ‘FASEB Bio advances’ details the use of Whole Saliva as a body fluid for early detection of Breast and Ovarian cancers, as opposed to the traditional method of using blood samples. The research team led by Prof. Kiran Ambatipudi from the Biotechnology Department at IIT Roorkee have got a breakthrough in identifying certain proteins present in the saliva, which act as potential bio markers indicative of Breast & Ovarian cancer metastasis.
The team compared the samples from healthy individuals against the samples collected from stage IV Breast & Ovarian cancer patients and Ovarian cancer patients who had undergone at least 3 cycles of Neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The salivary proteins were analyzed by mass spectrometry indicative of pathophysiology of breast and ovarian cancers and were compared to healthy and ovarian chemotherapy subjects. Collectively, 646 proteins were identified, of which 409 proteins were confidently identified across all four groups. In addition to 409 identified proteins, 352 proteins were common in all groups, while 57 were either present/absent exclusively in one group or common in any two/three groups.
Speaking about the research, Prof. Kiran Ambatipudi, Department of Biotechnology, IIT Roorkee said, “Due to the heterogeneous and asymptomatic nature of breast and ovarian cancers, their early detection has been difficult using traditional methods such as mammography, blood flow patterns by color‐flow Doppler imaging and transvaginal ultrasound examination, due to high diagnostic costs and radiation exposure. Our attempt was to utilize saliva as a non-invasive sample source to identify specific protein biomarkers, which indicate breast & ovarian cancer metastasis. In patients who have undergone three cycles of chemotherapy, the salivary proteins can also act as an indicator of the patient’s response to chemotherapy.”
“Although it is essential to clinically validate these proteins in a large cohort of subjects but the results of the present study serve as an initial step towards the development of saliva-based clinical tests.”, he added
IIT Roorkee is an institute of national importance imparting higher education in engineering, sciences, management, architecture and planning, and humanities and social sciences. Since its establishment in 1847, the Institute has played a vital role in providing technical manpower and know-how to the country. In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2019, the institute has been ranked 3rd among the IITs. IIT Roorkee is an institution with pioneering contribution in the field of education, training, research and development, advisory services in various fields including hydro, hydrology, water resources, geology, earthquake, renewable energy and environmental management advisory and has world class laboratories related to hydropower and water sector.
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